forked from Mirrors/wine-wine
548 lines
16 KiB
Groff
548 lines
16 KiB
Groff
.TH WINEBUILD 1 "October 2005" "@PACKAGE_STRING@" "Wine Developers Manual"
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.SH NAME
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winebuild \- Wine dll builder
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.SH SYNOPSIS
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.B winebuild
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.RI [ options ]\ [ inputfile ...]
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.SH DESCRIPTION
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.B winebuild
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generates the assembly files that are necessary to build a Wine dll,
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which is basically a Win32 dll encapsulated inside a Unix library.
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.PP
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.B winebuild
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has different modes, depending on what kind of file it is asked to
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generate. The mode is specified by one of the mode options specified
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below. In addition to the mode option, various other command-line
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option can be specified, as described in the \fBOPTIONS\fR section.
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.SH "MODE OPTIONS"
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You have to specify exactly one of the following options, depending on
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what you want winebuild to generate.
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.TP
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.BI \--dll
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Build an assembly file from a .spec file (see \fBSPEC FILE SYNTAX\fR
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for details), or from a standard Windows .def file. The .spec/.def
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file is specified via the \fB-E\fR option. The resulting file must be
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assembled and linked to the other object files to build a working Wine
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dll. In this mode, the
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.I input files
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should be the list of all object files that will be linked into the
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final dll, to allow
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.B winebuild
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to get the list of all undefined symbols that need to be imported from
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other dlls.
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.TP
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.BI \--exe
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Build an assembly file for an executable. This is basically the same as
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the \fB--dll\fR mode except that it doesn't require a .spec/.def file as input,
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since an executable need not export functions. Some executables however
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do export functions, and for those a .spec/.def file can be specified via
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the \fB-E\fR option. The executable is named from the .spec/.def file name if
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present, or explicitly through the \fB-F\fR option. The resulting file must be
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assembled and linked to the other object files to build a working Wine
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executable, and all the other object files must be listed as
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.I input files.
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.TP
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.BI \--def
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Build a .def file from a spec file. The .spec file is specified via the
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\fB-E\fR option. This is used when building dlls with a PE (Win32) compiler.
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.TP
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.BI \--implib
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Build a .a import library from a spec file. The .spec file is
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specified via the \fB-E\fR option. If the output library name ends
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in .delay.a, a delayed import library is built.
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.TP
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.BI \--staticlib
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Build a .a static library from object files.
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.TP
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.B \--resources
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Generate a .o file containing all the input resources. This is useful
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when building with a PE compiler, since the PE binutils cannot handle
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multiple resource files as input. For a standard Unix build, the
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resource files are automatically included when building the spec file,
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so there's no need for an intermediate .o file.
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.TP
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.BI \--builtin
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Mark a PE module as a Wine builtin module, by adding the "Wine builtin
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DLL" signature string after the DOS header.
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.TP
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.BI \--fixup-ctors
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Fixup constructors after a module has been built. This should be done
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on the final .so module if its code contains constructors, to ensure
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that Wine has a chance to initialize the module before the
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constructors are executed.
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.SH OPTIONS
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.TP
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.BI \--as-cmd= as-command
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Specify the command to use to compile assembly files; the default is
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\fBas\fR.
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.TP
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.BI \-b,\ --target= cpu-manufacturer\fR[\fB-\fIkernel\fR]\fB-\fIos
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Specify the target CPU and platform on which the generated code will
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be built. The target specification is in the standard autoconf format
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as returned by config.sub.
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.TP
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.BI \-B\ directory
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Add the directory to the search path for the various binutils tools
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like \fBas\fR, \fBnm\fR and \fBld\fR.
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.TP
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.BI \--cc-cmd= cc-command
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Specify the C compiler to use to compile assembly files; the default
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is to instead use the assembler specified with \fB--as-cmd\fR.
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.TP
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.BI \-d,\ --delay-lib= name
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Set the delayed import mode for the specified library, which must be
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one of the libraries imported with the \fB-l\fR option. Delayed mode
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means that the library won't be loaded until a function imported from
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it is actually called.
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.TP
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.BI \-D\ symbol
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Ignored for compatibility with the C compiler.
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.TP
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.BI \-e,\ --entry= function
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Specify the module entry point function; if not specified, the default
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is
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.B DllMain
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for dlls, and
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.B main
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for executables (if the standard C
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.B main
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is not defined,
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.B WinMain
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is used instead). This is only valid for Win32 modules.
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.TP
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.BI \-E,\ --export= filename
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Specify a .spec file (see \fBSPEC FILE SYNTAX\fR for details),
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or a standard Windows .def file that defines the exports
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of the DLL or executable that is being built.
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.TP
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.B \--external-symbols
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Allow linking to external symbols directly from the spec
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file. Normally symbols exported by a dll have to be defined in the dll
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itself; this option makes it possible to use symbols defined in
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another Unix library (for symbols defined in another dll, a
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.I forward
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specification must be used instead).
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.TP
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.BI \-f\ option
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Specify a code generation option. Currently \fB\-fPIC\fR and
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\fB\-fasynchronous-unwind-tables\fR are supported. Other options are
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ignored for compatibility with the C compiler.
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.TP
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.B \--fake-module
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Create a fake PE module for a dll or exe, instead of the normal
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assembly or object file. The PE module contains the resources for the
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module, but no executable code.
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.TP
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.BI \-F,\ --filename= filename
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Set the file name of the module. The default is to use the base name
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of the spec file (without any extension).
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.TP
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.B \-h, --help
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Display a usage message and exit.
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.TP
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.BI \-H,\ --heap= size
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Specify the size of the module local heap in bytes (only valid for
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Win16 modules); default is no local heap.
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.TP
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.BI \-I\ directory
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Ignored for compatibility with the C compiler.
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.TP
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.B \-k, --kill-at
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Remove the stdcall decorations from the symbol names in the
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generated .def file. Only meaningful in \fB--def\fR mode.
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.TP
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.BI \-K\ flags
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Ignored for compatibility with the C compiler.
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.TP
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.BI \--large-address-aware
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Set a flag in the executable to notify the loader that this
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application supports address spaces larger than 2 gigabytes.
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.TP
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.BI \--ld-cmd= ld-command
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Specify the command to use to link the object files; the default is
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\fBld\fR.
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.TP
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.BI \-L,\ --library-path= directory
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Append the specified directory to the list of directories that are
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searched for import libraries.
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.TP
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.BI \-l,\ --library= name
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Import the specified library, looking for a corresponding
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\fIlibname.def\fR file in the directories specified with the \fB-L\fR
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option.
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.TP
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.B \-m16, -m32, -m64
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Generate respectively 16-bit, 32-bit or 64-bit code.
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.TP
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.BI \-marm,\ \-mthumb,\ \-march= option ,\ \-mcpu= option ,\ \-mfpu= option ,\ \-mfloat-abi= option
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Set code generation options for the assembler.
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.TP
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.B \-munix
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Build a library that imports standard functions from the Unix C
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library instead of the Windows runtime.
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.TP
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.BI \-M,\ --main-module= module
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When building a 16-bit dll, set the name of its 32-bit counterpart to
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\fImodule\fR. This is used to enforce that the load order for the
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16-bit dll matches that of the 32-bit one.
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.TP
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.BI \-N,\ --dll-name= dllname
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Set the internal name of the module. It is only used in Win16
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modules. The default is to use the base name of the spec file (without
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any extension). This is used for KERNEL, since it lives in
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KRNL386.EXE. It shouldn't be needed otherwise.
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.TP
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.BI \--nm-cmd= nm-command
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Specify the command to use to get the list of undefined symbols; the
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default is \fBnm\fR.
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.TP
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.BI --nxcompat= yes\fR|\fIno
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Specify whether the module is compatible with no-exec support. The
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default is yes.
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.TP
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.BI \-o,\ --output= file
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Set the name of the output file (default is standard output). If the
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output file name ends in .o, the text output is sent to a
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temporary file that is then assembled to produce the specified .o
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file.
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.TP
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.BI \-r,\ --res= rsrc.res
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Load resources from the specified binary resource file. The
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\fIrsrc.res\fR file can be produced from a source resource file with
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.BR wrc (1)
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(or with a Windows resource compiler).
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.br
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This option is only necessary for Win16 resource files, the Win32 ones
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can simply listed as
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.I input files
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and will automatically be handled correctly (though the
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.B \-r
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option will also work for Win32 files).
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.TP
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.B --safeseh
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Mark object files as SEH compatible.
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.TP
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.B --save-temps
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Do not delete the various temporary files that \fBwinebuild\fR generates.
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.TP
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.BI --subsystem= subsystem\fR[\fB:\fImajor\fR[\fB.\fIminor\fR]]
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Set the subsystem of the executable, which can be one of the following:
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.br
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.B console
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for a command line executable,
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.br
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.B windows
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for a graphical executable,
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.br
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.B native
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for a native-mode dll,
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.br
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.B wince
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for a ce dll.
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.br
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The entry point of a command line executable is a normal C \fBmain\fR
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function. A \fBwmain\fR function can be used instead if you need the
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argument array to use Unicode strings. A graphical executable has a
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\fBWinMain\fR entry point.
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.br
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Optionally a major and minor subsystem version can also be specified;
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the default subsystem version is 4.0.
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.TP
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.BI \-u,\ --undefined= symbol
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Add \fIsymbol\fR to the list of undefined symbols when invoking the
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linker. This makes it possible to force a specific module of a static
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library to be included when resolving imports.
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.TP
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.B \-v, --verbose
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Display the various subcommands being invoked by
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.BR winebuild .
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.TP
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.B \--version
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Display the program version and exit.
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.TP
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.B \-w, --warnings
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Turn on warnings.
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.SH "SPEC FILE SYNTAX"
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.SS "General syntax"
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A spec file should contain a list of ordinal declarations. The general
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syntax is the following:
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.PP
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.I ordinal functype
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.RI [ flags ]\ exportname \ \fB(\fR\ [ args... ] \ \fB) \ [ handler ]
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.br
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.IB ordinal\ variable
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.RI [ flags ]\ exportname \ \fB(\fR\ [ data... ] \ \fB)
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.br
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.IB ordinal\ extern
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.RI [ flags ]\ exportname \ [ symbolname ]
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.br
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.IB ordinal\ stub
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.RI [ flags ]\ exportname \ [\ \fB( args... \fB)\fR\ ]
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.br
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.IB ordinal\ equate
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.RI [ flags ]\ exportname\ data
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.br
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.BI #\ comments
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.PP
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Declarations must fit on a single line, except if the end of line is
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escaped using a backslash character. The
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.B #
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character anywhere in a line causes the rest of the line to be ignored
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as a comment.
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.PP
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.I ordinal
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specifies the ordinal number corresponding to the entry point, or '@'
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for automatic ordinal allocation (Win32 only).
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.PP
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.I flags
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is a series of optional flags, preceded by a '-' character. The
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supported flags are:
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.RS
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.TP
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.B -norelay
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The entry point is not displayed in relay debugging traces (Win32
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only).
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.TP
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.B -noname
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The entry point will be exported by ordinal instead of by name. The
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name is still available for importing.
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.TP
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.B -ret16
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The function returns a 16-bit value (Win16 only).
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.TP
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.B -ret64
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The function returns a 64-bit value (Win32 only).
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.TP
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.B -register
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The function uses CPU register to pass arguments.
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.TP
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.B -private
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The function cannot be imported from other dlls, it can only be
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accessed through GetProcAddress.
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.TP
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.B -ordinal
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The entry point will be imported by ordinal instead of by name. The
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name is still exported.
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.TP
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.B -thiscall
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The function uses the
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.I thiscall
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calling convention (first parameter in %ecx register on i386).
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.TP
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.B -fastcall
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The function uses the
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.I fastcall
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calling convention (first two parameters in %ecx/%edx registers on
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i386).
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.TP
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.B -import
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The function is imported from another module. This can be used instead
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of a
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.I forward
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specification when an application expects to find the function's
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implementation inside the dll.
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.TP
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.B -arch=\fR[\fB!\fR]\fIcpu\fR[\fB,\fIcpu\fR]
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The entry point is only available on the specified CPU
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architecture(s). The names \fBwin32\fR and \fBwin64\fR match all
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32-bit or 64-bit CPU architectures respectively. In 16-bit dlls,
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specifying \fB-arch=win32\fR causes the entry point to be exported
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from the 32-bit wrapper module. A CPU name can be prefixed with
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\fB!\fR to exclude only that specific architecture.
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.RE
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.SS "Function ordinals"
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Syntax:
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.br
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.I ordinal functype
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.RI [ flags ]\ exportname \ \fB(\fR\ [ args... ] \ \fB) \ [ handler ]
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.br
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This declaration defines a function entry point. The prototype defined by
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.IR exportname \ \fB(\fR\ [ args... ] \ \fB)
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specifies the name available for dynamic linking and the format of the
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arguments. '@' can be used instead of
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.I exportname
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for ordinal-only exports.
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.PP
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.I functype
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should be one of:
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.RS
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.TP
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.B stdcall
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for a normal Win32 function
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.TP
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.B pascal
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for a normal Win16 function
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.TP
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.B cdecl
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for a Win16 or Win32 function using the C calling convention
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.TP
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.B varargs
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for a Win16 or Win32 function using the C calling convention with a
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variable number of arguments
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.RE
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.PP
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.I args
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should be one or several of:
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.RS
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.TP
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.B word
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(16-bit unsigned value)
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.TP
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.B s_word
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(16-bit signed word)
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.TP
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.B long
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(pointer-sized integer value)
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.TP
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.B int64
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(64-bit integer value)
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.TP
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.B int128
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(128-bit integer value)
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.TP
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.B float
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(32-bit floating point value)
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.TP
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.B double
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(64-bit floating point value)
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.TP
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.B ptr
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(linear pointer)
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.TP
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.B str
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(linear pointer to a null-terminated ASCII string)
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.TP
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.B wstr
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(linear pointer to a null-terminated Unicode string)
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.TP
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.B segptr
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(segmented pointer)
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.TP
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.B segstr
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(segmented pointer to a null-terminated ASCII string).
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.HP
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Note: The 16-bit and segmented pointer types are only valid for Win16
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functions.
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.RE
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.PP
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.I handler
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is the name of the actual C function that will implement that entry
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point in 32-bit mode. The handler can also be specified as
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.IB dllname . function
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to define a forwarded function (one whose implementation is in another
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dll). If
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.I handler
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is not specified, it is assumed to be identical to
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.I exportname.
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.PP
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This first example defines an entry point for the 32-bit GetFocus()
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call:
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.IP
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@ stdcall GetFocus() GetFocus
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.PP
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This second example defines an entry point for the 16-bit
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CreateWindow() call (the ordinal 100 is just an example); it also
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shows how long lines can be split using a backslash:
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.IP
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100 pascal CreateWindow(ptr ptr long s_word s_word s_word \\
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s_word word word word ptr) WIN_CreateWindow
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.PP
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To declare a function using a variable number of arguments, specify
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the function as
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.B varargs
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and declare it in the C file with a '...' parameter for a Win32
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function, or with an extra VA_LIST16 argument for a Win16 function.
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See the wsprintf* functions in user.exe.spec and user32.spec for an
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example.
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.SS "Variable ordinals"
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Syntax:
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.br
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.IB ordinal\ variable
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.RI [ flags ]\ exportname \ \fB(\fR\ [ data... ] \ \fB)
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.PP
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This declaration defines data storage as 32-bit words at the ordinal
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specified.
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.I exportname
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will be the name available for dynamic
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linking.
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.I data
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can be a decimal number or a hex number preceded by "0x". The
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following example defines the variable VariableA at ordinal 2 and
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containing 4 ints:
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.IP
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2 variable VariableA(-1 0xff 0 0)
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.PP
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This declaration only works in Win16 spec files. In Win32 you should
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use
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.B extern
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instead (see below).
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.SS "Extern ordinals"
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Syntax:
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.br
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.IB ordinal\ extern
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.RI [ flags ]\ exportname \ [ symbolname ]
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.PP
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This declaration defines an entry that simply maps to a C symbol
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(variable or function). It only works in Win32 spec files.
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.I exportname
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will point to the symbol
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.I symbolname
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that must be defined in the C code. Alternatively, it can be of the
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form
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.IB dllname . symbolname
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to define a forwarded symbol (one whose implementation is in another
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dll). If
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.I symbolname
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is not specified, it is assumed to be identical to
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.I exportname.
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.SS "Stub ordinals"
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Syntax:
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.br
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.IB ordinal\ stub
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.RI [ flags ]\ exportname \ [\ \fB( args... \fB)\fR\ ]
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.PP
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This declaration defines a stub function. It makes the name and
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ordinal available for dynamic linking, but will terminate execution
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with an error message if the function is ever called.
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.SS "Equate ordinals"
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Syntax:
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.br
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.IB ordinal\ equate
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.RI [ flags ]\ exportname\ data
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.PP
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This declaration defines an ordinal as an absolute value.
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.I exportname
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will be the name available for dynamic linking.
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.I data
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can be a decimal number or a hex number preceded by "0x".
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.SH AUTHORS
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.B winebuild
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has been worked on by many people over the years. The main authors are
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Robert J. Amstadt, Alexandre Julliard, Martin von Loewis, Ulrich
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Weigand and Eric Youngdale. Many other people have contributed new features
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and bug fixes. For a complete list, see the git commit logs.
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.SH BUGS
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It is not yet possible to use a PE-format dll in an import
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specification; only Wine dlls can be imported.
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.PP
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Bugs can be reported on the
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.UR https://bugs.winehq.org
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.B Wine bug tracker
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.UE .
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.SH AVAILABILITY
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.B winebuild
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is part of the Wine distribution, which is available through WineHQ,
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the
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.UR https://www.winehq.org/
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.B Wine development headquarters
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.UE .
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.SH "SEE ALSO"
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.BR wine (1),
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.BR winegcc (1),
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.BR wrc (1),
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.br
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.UR https://www.winehq.org/help
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.B Wine documentation and support
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.UE .
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